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<records>

  <record>
    <language>eng</language>
          <publisher>Enviro Research Publishers</publisher>
        <journalTitle>Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal</journalTitle>
          <issn>2347-467X</issn>
              <eissn>2322-0007</eissn>
        <publicationDate>2020-08-25</publicationDate>
    
        <volume>8</volume>
        <issue>2</issue>

 
    <startPage>496</startPage>
    <endPage>503</endPage>

 	 
      <doi>10.12944/CRNFSJ.8.2.16</doi>
        <publisherRecordId>10430</publisherRecordId>
    <documentType>article</documentType>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of Sand Puffing Characteristics of Quinoa using Response Surface Methodology</title>

    <authors>
	 


      <author>
       <name>Deepak Subramani</name>

 
		
	<affiliationId>1</affiliationId>
      </author>
    

	 


      <author>
       <name>Sharmila Tamilselvan</name>


		
	<affiliationId>1</affiliationId>

      </author>
    

	 


      <author>
       <name>Maheswari Murugesan</name>

		
	<affiliationId>1</affiliationId>
      </author>
    

	 


      <author>
       <name>Shivaswamy M S</name>

		      </author>
	<affiliationId>1</affiliationId>

    


	


	
    </authors>
    
	    <affiliationsList>
	    
		
		<affiliationName affiliationId="1">Department of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India.</affiliationName>
    

		
		
		
		
		
	  </affiliationsList>






    <abstract language="eng"><p>The superfood quinoa is an extremely nutritious and ancient pseudocereal grain particularly known for its protein quality and bioactive compounds, compared to other cereals. Quinoa seeds can be processed into a crispy, cellular-structured and expanded whole-grain snack product by low capital cost involving traditional sand puffing method. The study aims to statistically optimize the processing conditions for sand puffing of quinoa. The moisture-treated and salt-treated quinoa grains were mixed with a high-temperature sand bed for a predetermined time to induce grain expansion.  Puffing conditions were optimized using Box-Behnken design by varying the factors such as moisture added (0.2-1.8 ml/10 g grains), salt concentration (0-1%), puffing temperature (200-240 ºC) and puffing time (20-60 s). It was found that measured response parameters like puffing yield, expansion ratio, flake size and overall acceptability of puffed quinoa significantly (p<0.05) increased with a decrease in moisture added and salt concentration, and increase in puffing temperature and puffing time. Bulk density of puffed quinoa had a negative correlation with puffing temperature and puffing time. The optimum condition of 0.2 ml moisture added/10 g grains, 0.2% salt concentration, 229ºC puffing temperature and 55 s puffing time was predicted to generate puffing yield of 86.23%, expansion ratio of 3.08, flake size of 8.21 mm3, bulk density of 0.36 g/ml and overall acceptability score of 8.65. The higher yield, three-fold expansion and superior sensory attributes of puffed quinoa achieved from optimized sand puffing condition would benefit the manufactures and be nutritious snack food for consumers to combat malnutrition.
</p>
</abstract>

    <fullTextUrl format="html">https://www.foodandnutritionjournal.org/volume8number2/optimization-of-sand-puffing-characteristics-of-quinoa-using-response-surface-methodology/</fullTextUrl>



      <keywords language="eng">
        <keyword>Expansion</keyword>
      </keywords>

      <keywords language="eng">
        <keyword> Sand Puffing</keyword>
      </keywords>

      <keywords language="eng">
        <keyword> Quinoa</keyword>
      </keywords>

      <keywords language="eng">
        <keyword> Snack</keyword>
      </keywords>

      <keywords language="eng">
        <keyword> Sensory
</keyword>
      </keywords>

  </record>
</records>